Gossypium arboreum Linn., known as Rakta Karpasa, is used in discipline of Ayurveda for the treatment of diseases and for the processing of various formulations of Rasashastra. In present study, transverse section of fresh stem showed presence of single layer lignified epidermis, simple multicellular and multibranched trichomes, cortex with rosette crystals of calcium oxalate. The physicochemical parameters like, pH of Rakta Karpas Stem (RKS) was not more than 7.3, the loss on drying was not more than 7.3 % w/w and the alcohol soluble extractive were not more than 97.73 % w/w. In HPTLC profile at 254 nm frequency, five peaks were observed at max Rf 85.17, 4.96, 4.47, 3.27, 2.13 and subsequent end Rf were 85.14, 4.67, 2.92, 4.70, 2.56.
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